Project Matrix

Below is a chronological project matrix to help customers navigate my ongoing projects. Feel free to review the various projects to see if something interests you. I will update the matrix as I progress through the various projects. 

Black Indicates the project is complete 

Blue indicates the project is still in development 

Revision Log (press CTRL+F to search this page for keywords) 

• 00 Created June 8th, 2023

• 02 2155, 2124, 2118 added July 5th, 2023
• 03 added additional notes to 1723, 1693 complete, 1866 updated,2213, 2153, 2207, 2214, 2264, 2277, 2181 added, General New added. 
• 04 12/12/2023, ES250 No.2213 added, link for 15LX60V2 on 1798 added. testing link on 15SW800 added, Crossover 2264 developed for Horn No.1931, updated status on Nighthawk 1636 V2, Purifi 8" project updated, Nighthawk general info updated, Additional testing done on 1416 using BMS 4592, update on Lamar M3, 1693 open baffle updated, 1816 conical horn updated, 1866 updated. 
• 05 11/7/2024 

Biradial Product Summary 

• ES2000 Biradial No.1135
• ES1200 Biradial No.1054
• ES800 Biradial No.1094
• ES450 Biradial No.1993
• ES290 Biradial No.1670
• ES250 Biradial No.2213

Project Matrix 

• 1159 Stand-Mount using SB Acoustics Drivers

• 1159.2 updated crossover to improve imaging (Jan '23) 
• Plans available by request 
• 1159.3 Woofer size increased to 6.5" and enclosure made deeper 
• Plans available by request 
• 1274 Mid-Bass Cabinet 
• Been discontinued (replaced by cabinet No.1798)
• 1416 Co-Entrant Horn 

• Built on-off build for customer 
• Plans available by request 
• Crossoverless design on midrange, very simply crossover on HF 
• Co-entrant technology available hobbyists or commercial licensing (please contact) 
• No plans are published on my site (please contact) 
• 12/12/23 Tested BMS 4592 on 300Hz Circular ES Horn. Please email me for full test data as I did not publish on my website. 
• 1309 Sabourin 

• Introduced plans in '22 using GRS Planar 
• Changed Eton woofer to Lavoce 12" subwoofer or Dayton 12" woofer
• Dual compression driver option added (May '23)
• Passive crossover to be developed and published (summer '23) 
• 12/12/23 decided to not develop this further, too many other projects. 
• Horn No.1931 added (3D printed and CAD Plans)
• Passive crossover to be developed for use with bass cabinet No.1303  (Summer '23) < Please contact me and reference crossover No.2264. (not published on website) < uses Fostex FW208HS in 40L bass reflex tuned to 34Hz. 
• 1349 Nighthawk V2 (V1 was featured here) 

• Build and testing ongoing <12/12/23 complete 
• Changing all sheet metal to x2 thickness to strengthen <12/12/23 complete 
• Crossover development underway (June '23) <12/12/23 complete 
• Delivered first pair of V2 to customer. Pictures can be found here. 
• Building two pairs (one pair spoken for) 
• 12/12/23 second pair sold, remaking horn and side cheeks in walnut for second pair. 
• Second V2 nighthawk will be made in x4 pieces instead of x8 pieces like the first pair. (otherwise identical to first pair) 
• Second pair won't have the vertical seem down the middle for a cleaner overall appearance 
• Will have better fastening features to assemble pieces togethering with 3/8" machine bolts 
• 12/12/2023 Design development on V2 is finished and we are finish assembling the last pair of the V2 design for the customer.
• 12/12/2023 Full test data will be published on V2 in Q1 '24
• 12/12/2023 I will no longer be producing the V2 Nighthawk. All future builds will be V3 with small improvements in a variety of areas:
• AE Dipole15 replaces SB Audience 15OB350
• See updates on project No.2730 below.(11/4/24)
• Viawave SRT-7 will remain. Dmitrii Malinovskii of Viawave confirmed that they are ready to supply tweeters in 02/24 which is a huge relief to me for their sake...such a great tweeter. 
• See updates on project No.2730 below.(11/4/24)
• V3 will remain fully passive, however, going active on the low frequency would be advisable if using low power tube amplification on the mid and high frequency. That way I can remove the fixed resistor l-pad on the midrange and treble allowing 100dB sensitivity. Otherwise the fully passive version is only 90dB sensitivity @1w (limited by the bass section's sensitivity) The crossover point on the Nighthawk is extremely low at 120Hz, so your cherished tube amp can cover the entire vocal range up into the treble. Additionally, if using the Hypex FA501 plate amp for the bass section, it can receive a speaker level signal from your tube amp! This captures the tonal qualities of the tube amp for the bass section as well, even though it is being powered by 500w of class D. 
• I should note as well that the Hypex products are extremely good, providing world class low distortion as well as full DSP capability for room correction. 

• 

  My General thoughts on the Nighthawk is that is represents the pinnacle of what I've been able to achieve in terms of sound quality. I'm confident that this product will eventually become legendary for it's beauty and stunning sound quality. My trip to High End Munich confirmed to me that the Nighthawk is in a league of its own for ultimate resolution, soundstage, and overall musical enjoyment. 
• 1680 Floorstander 10" 2-way 

• No changes > available as a custom build 
• Thomas Stereo to review (summer '23) 
• 12/12/23 Thomas changed direction with his channel and did not review my product. It reviewed well with Thomas saying the speaker was an "end game" product. 
• Jay's Youtube Channel conducted a review here. (11/4/24)
• Jay subsequently featured the 1680 in another video awarding it as one of the best speakers of the year for it's price category. 
• 1736 2-way Stand Mount using 8" Purifi 

• Tested new horn No.2007 with Peerless tweeter
• Tested Seas tweeter 
• Testing new throat adapter for SEAS (June '23)
• Built cabinet and evaluating in listening room using active setup (May '23) 
• 12/12/2023 Due to workload I've had to put this project on hold. There is no timeline on completion
• I have the drivers and a variety of test cabinets here for customer design commissions including crossover design work. The x2 woofers I have here are the 
• Updated blog post with measurements on the woofer itself, found here. 
• I was considering doing a dual 10" woofer version of the 1798 cabinet but I don't think I will go that direction due to cost. That design study was done here. 
• 2807 15" Large Scale Horn Speaker System 

• Design development complete (Fall '22) 
• TAD TL1601B standard driver of choice (available new)
• Developed complete system using ES290 (passive) (spring '23) 
• Demo video here.
• Testing SB Audience 15" Subwoofer 15SW600 (summer '23)
• Testing Beyma 15LX60V2 (summer '23)
• Testing Lamar M3 Alnico (July '23)
• Designed custom 200Hz biradial 
• Removing Western Electric throat adapter and bolting directly to horn using 18mm throat and x6 M5 bolt pattern 
• 12/12/23 I have been experimenting with this driver and I'm still playing with it. I mounted it to my ES-600 Biradial with excellent results, ruler flat frequency response out to 12kHz. 
• Getting Yuichi A290 horns for direct comparison to ES290 (Horn No.1670) (summer '23) 
• 12/12/23 Received horns and did full measurements 
• Could not publish due to commercial constraints 
• Test data turned out to do really well with wide coverage and good loading down to 300Hz 
• Tested a variety of drivers and found some great combinations
• Blog post featured A290 can be found here. 
• Making custom horn for Fostex T96A to replace existing front horn lens, material is lacewood. (reference project No.1896)
• 12/12/23 complete, product page found here. 
• Plan on demoing at Toronto Audiofest Fall '23 
• 12/12/2023 I decided against this route since I am already very busy and I don't simply have product sitting on the shelf that I'm trying to move. But I did attend and enjoy the show. I had some very interesting conversations with a few people. I spoke with the owner of Emotiva for 40 minutes that would have made an amazing interview. I spoke with Emotiva's main design development engineer and discussed amplifier distortion with him at length, that was fascinating. 
• Working with Lamar on 21" Field Coil Woofer version of cabinet 
• Will use Lamar M2 or M3 as a 2-way setup using 300Hz crossover point 
• These plans have been cancelled. (11/4/2024)
• 1695 Open Baffle, 15" 3-way using 10" Seas and 1.40" horn 

• Design complete 
• Metal support brackets getting plasma cut 
• Fully developed passive crossover and baffle almost ready for CNC (May '23)
• Shipped and complete 
• Did not publish test data due to time constraints 
• Please contact for test data if interested 
• 12/12/2023 Don Sachs provided a really nice review on his open baffle speakers which can be found here. 
• 11/4/2024 We continue to produce this model. To date we've shipped x3 pairs and have orders for x2 more pair. I will provide customer feedback once they have some listening time on them. 
• We did more testing and found that they are suitable for small rooms as well. Bass can be controlled (reduced) by placing the speaker closer to the front wall. I didcussed this a bit in a recent Instagram post here. 
• 1723 Large format midrange horn (200Hz Fc) 
• Tested Celestion Axi2050, BMS 4599, RCF ND950
• Making Y-Adapter for BMS 4590 (3D Printed) (July '23) 
• 
• Did not publish test data on Y-Adapter but we found that the adapter worked as expected which lowered distortion by about 6dB and had no detrimental affect on frequency response. For pro sound applications requiring very high SPL. 
• Tested 18sound 10NMBA520 10” Midrange on Horn No.1723
• Classic Series 

• Comprised of 1835, 1836
• Continuing to design custom cabinets and horns as per order 

• 1797 Pro-Sound Mid Bass 

• Design complete spring '23
• Customer testing in Quebec summer of '23 
• Postponed to November '23
• Design changed to stackable single driver cabinets (April '23) 
• Beta testers welcome 
• 1816 Conical Petal Horn 

• Released plans for 300Hz mid horn 
• Plan to release HF petal horn (Summer '23) 
• 12/12/2023 Decided against this as it is too close to the OMA products 
• 1861 Biradal for RAAL 

• Designed and build custom horn for RAAL 210 Lazy Boy 
• Issued CAD plans on site 
• Continue to design or build custom horns for various RAAL and other pure ribbon, AMT, and Planar 
• 1866 Fullrange driver plans using Markaudio CHR120 

• Issued plan set April '23
• Developing shallow horn 3" fullrange drivers and using 1866 as a bass cabinet (reference short horn No.1928)
• Will be releasing complete plan set using 1928 and 1866, stay tuned. 
• Been listening to 1928 in main sysytem for a few months now (October '23) and sound quality is really good. Been optimizing passive crossover. Very good system for small room near field listening. 
• 12/12/2023 I will be optimizing the design on this further by integrating the driver into a back loaded horn (BLH). Some of this development can be found here. 
• 
• 11/4/2024 We've sold the x2 pair of walnut shallow horns that we had in inventory. The shallow horn concept proved out to be very successful in terms of sound quality. The FF85WK has dome tweeter smoothness in a point source configuration. I continue to suggest this configuration when getting fullrange driver inquiries. 
• 1900 Small Desktop monitor 

• Introduced May '23 
• Successfully created concrete injection mold to make horn and made a prototype!
• Proof of concept, will continue to develop concrete injection molding process for other horn sizes and types. 
• 11/7/2024 I plan on looking at concrete further especially now that I am in my new workshop. 

• Successfully had local supplier make horn from ceramic, kiln fired with artistic glaze (offering in fall of '23) 
• (11/7/24) Supplier has decided to move away to the Netherlands. 
• 1901 Circular Baffle for 8" fullrange 

• Built pair in cherry in spring of '23 
• Customer reported excellent sound quality results 
• Please contact for custom quote 
• 1905 Waveguide for Dayton Audio AMTPRO4
• Completed finned version here.
• Building pair in walnut with 3D printed throat adapter (July '23)
• 12/12/23 complete, product page can be found here. 
• Taking orders for extra pairs (please contact) 
• 12/12/23 I had a larger version of the 1905 printed that is basically a scaled up version with wide coverage down to 2kHz instead of 4kHz. I have the prototype horn printed but I haven't tested it yet. It measures 40cm x 40cm and looks quite impressive. 
• 1929 Conceptual Wide Coverage Horn (multicell) 
• Design complete and issued for free to beta testers 
• Attempted testing but could not successfully 3D print since the openings in the throat were too small 
• Changing design to 50% less cell density (fall '23) 
• 1930 Trying to design a hexagon version but having difficulty modelling in solidworks 
• 12/12/23 No further plans to peruse additional design work on this since I've been able to successfully develop a biradial ultra-wide horn found here. 
• 1931 Full ES horn for GRS Planar 
• Designed for 3D printing 
• Horn split horizontally to allow on 340 x 340 print bed 
• Custom rear vented cover 
• See 2264 below for complete plan set. 
• 
• 1937 Large 15" 2-way Studio Monitor (TAD style) 

• Issued plans fall '22 
• Replaced monitor 1362 
• 1939 ES450 Biradial 
• New size variant the fill gap between ES290 and ES600 biradial 
• 12/12/23 Full test data found here. 
• 1978 Revised design for ES-600 Biradial 

• Changed design to include draft angles similar to latest ES290 1670
• Added Viablue UFO feet x3 pocketed into bottom of horn 
• Added custom Joseph Crowe decal in brushed copper on black 
• Added heavy duty 3D printed throat adapter that transitions 1.4" throat down to 1" throat. 
• Accommodates standard 76mm bolt circle pattern 
• Allows flexibility to use either 1" or 1.4" drivers 
• Making one pair for customer (June '23) with another pair being made for inventory (please contact)  
• 12/12/23 both pairs mentioned above have been sold, but we are in the process of making more horns, even in oak with the chocolate Rubio 2C wax finish which looks amazing. 
• Introduced speaker plans No.2154 that uses Horn No.1978 along with compression driver rear cover No.1978-01-005 
• 2015 10" MTM  2-way plan set using Scanpeak 10" and 1" horn 

• Released May '23
• 12/12/23 I've updated the crossover on this plan set to include some of the improvement I discovered with the open baffle project No.1695. The improvements include making the crossover first order instead of second order, and reducing the amount of baffle step compensation. The improved crossover is step up in coherency. This is an excellent sounding project. 
• 2037 Speaker System No.2037 - 6.5" 2-way Plan Set
• 
• 6.5" SB Acoustics  SB17NRX2C35-4 woofer 
• Peerless OC25SC65-04 25mm Dome Tweeter 1
• 2099 Focusrite Scarlett Solo replacement 
• Looking for low noise preamp for speaker testing 
• Considering purchasing Universal Audio Apollo Duo X preamp based on specifications. 
• 12/12/23 I am now using my new measurement system. For those interested in what I ended up using, please send me an email. 
• As a result of my new measurement setup, I can now measure electronics with a resolution down to -120dB. 
• I've started a new blog category for electronics testing which can be found here. 
• 2100 Eminence N314x
• Tested on ES600 Biradial 
• Quite impressed with sound quality 
• Want to update 1815 
• 2118 Custom ES100 Biradial Design for End User 
• 
• 
• 12/12/23 This project has started and I've had to commission a CNC shop in Ottawa to build the horn for me since it is too large to do on my own CNC. The horn is massive and comprised of four sections plus a throat adapter. The Fc is 100Hz and the throat diameter is 125mm. I am developing my own compression driver for this project which uses a 10" low QTS mid-bass driver. My plan is to develop a phase plug and rear chamber for the 10". Some of the testing on this can be found here. 
• The 10" driver referenced above will work with my new ES250 biradial as well. The mid-bass and lower midrange sound quality I was getting by horn loading the 10NMBA520 was the most effortless sound I have heard. It is also the lowest distortion solution I've been able to find to date for this part of the frequency spectrum with IMD being a whopping -75dB down. 
• 2124 Y-Adapter for Horn 1723, to be 3D printed and tested (July '23) 
• 12/12/23 complete, customer reports excellent results using the Y-Adapter. 
• 
• 2154 Speaker Plans 15” 2-Way
• 2155 Speaker Plans 15" 2-Way using 15LX60V2 (please contact, not published online)
• 
•  2181 Custom design project where I will be developing a 3-way 12" and 15" speaker using the following 
• Beyma 12LX60V2 and 15LX60V2 
• B&C DCM50 with Martin Azura Horn AH340 and AH425 respectively 
• RCF ND350 with Martin Asura Horn AH-1000
• Will publish test data on horns referenced  
• 12/12/23 Complete 
• From my testing and listening I found that the AH340 with the DCM50 was an excellent sounding combo. I will be using this combo in a 'Beyond the Ariel' project I've been commissioned to do for Lynn Olsen. Lynn is using the Altec 416-8B for his bass and mid-bass. The AH340+DCM50 can serve as a 2-way solution with the addition of a super tweeter completely optional. Personally the coherent source and rich warm sound of the DCM50 is hard to beat for home Hifi. I look forward to testing this especially with tube amplification which would be truly special. 
• 2153 15" 3-way BLH design and build for DIY customer 
• 
• Supravox EXC-380 Field Coil woofer 
• Test data coming in November '23
• ES-450 No.2143 with B&C DCM50 16ohm
• Fostex T900A with Horn Lens No.2258
• Cabinet finished in Birdseye maple veneer!
• Custom passive crossover (outboard) 
• 12/12/2023 This project is 99% complete. I've done the crossover for this the other day and I was really impressed by the palpable, nuanced, and dynamic bass character of the BLH. The shear output capability of a 15" BLH is something to experience!  The entire speaker system has a level of clarity that is up there with the best I've heard. Back loaded horns will continue to be a focus of mine for 2024. 

• 2173 Provided custom testing for a customer based on specific request which included subjective listening assessment. Results of this can be found here. 
• 2187 Designed large horn for Dayton AMTPRO4 measuring 40cm wide x 30cm tall using dispersion phase plug. I printed the horn but never got around to actually testing it. The idea with this horn was to provide ultra-wide coverage lower down into the frequency range compared to the smaller version horn found here. 

• 2207 Passive crossover design for Beyond the Ariel Speaker System 
• Altec 416-8B woofer in sealed 120L enclosure tested here. 
• Yuichi A290 Biradial Horn (test data found here)
• Will test Yamaha JA6681B
• Will test SB Audience 65CD-T with custom rear cover and throat adapter 
• Will test other drivers such as B&C DCM50 16ohm, RCF ND950, Eminence N314X
• 11/7/2024 From all the drivers tested I found the B&C DCM50 to be the best sounding in terms of smoothness and dynamics. It sounded great even on poor recordings but still offered the ful dynamics that only a good compression driver can provide compared to other driver types (ribbon, planar, dome etc.). Using the T90A with the 2258 horn lens coming in at 10kHz with a steep filter to match the sharp rolloff of the DCM50 provided excellent coherency, soundstage width and depth. This driver and horn combination continues to be the basis for the 2095, 2087, and future 2800 system. 

 

• 2213 ES250 Biradial 
• 
• Customer requested an even bigger biradial horn 
• So we made the 3D CAD files available here. 
• Comprised of x10 layers of 8/4 hardwood (2" thick layers)
• Expect around 40hrs CNC time if making yourself 
• Please contact for a build quote 
• Would be pretty amazing with the 1798 bass cabinet 
• 12/12/2023 At this stage I am considering building a pair of ES250's for a system that is setup at my friend's and is available to purchase. The picture below is of the system with the 1798 cabinets. The ES450's on top are spoken for, so I need to build horns and a crossover to complete this system. I'm thinking of doing a 10" compression driver + ES250 combo for this system. The space pictured is where I do all of my final crossover tweaking and system adjustment, along with evaluation of any new products specific to large scale horn speaker systems. My friend Craig is enjoying whatever speakers I might have setup. Thank you Craig for letting me use your space! 
• 11/7/2024 This system was finished using a walnut ES-290 biradial along with the T90A/2258 horn lens as the super tweeter. The system is sold to a new Jazz Kissa Cafe in Vancouver BC, Canada. Photos of the finished system can be found here. I will post photos once they are installed in the Jazz Cafe in March 2025. 
• 11/7/2024 There are no plans currently to build an ES-250 Biradial. I continue to look at an in-house compression driver build that can accommodate the low Fc. 
• 
• 
• 2214 Evaluate BMS 4592ND coaxial compression driver on ES300 circular horn
• Test data coming November '23
• 12/12/23 Complete but I just haven't had a chance to publish to my blog yet. Please contact if you would like the report. 
• 2264  crossover for Horn No.1931 and Fostex FW208HS in 40L bass reflex cabinet, includes crossover schematic with bill of materials based on suggested component brands. 
• 
• Please contact for plans 
• No plans to publish yet since FW208HS is apparently going to be discontinued by Fostex (need to confirm) 
• Purchased Dayton Audio RSS225-8 to test as a replacement for published plans 
• 12/12/23 I purchased the RS225P instead and fully tested. I also directly compared against the Fostex FW208HS and found that the Fostex outperformed it that I did not publish the data on the Dayton. Instead I published the test data on the Fostex which can be found here. 
• 2277 BLH design using Fostex FE208EZ driver
• Glass side cheeks to reveal internal horn path 
• CNC stacked layer design
• 12/12/23 complete, not published on my site. Please contact for inquiries. 
  
• 2279 Tested the Don Sachs Preamp. Did not have time to publish test data but the zipped folder can be found here. 
• 2281 Tested the Emotiva UPA-700 7 Channel Amplifier. Did not have time to publish test data but can be downloaded here. 
• 2282 Tested the Hypex Fusion FA123 plate amplifier. I tested distortion at the outputs using both the analogue and digital inputs. Data can be found here. 
• Tested Wiim Pro distortion with and without high grade power supply. Gm distortion appears slightly better with PSU upgrade. Details found here. 
• 2286 New Transmission line plan using Fostex FW165WK along with a nice contour circuit. Plans can be found here. Blog can be found here. 

Other News (October '23)

• We now have a local dedicated listening room! 
• A local audiophile (Craig) has agreed to let us use his space 
• His room is moderately treated and is quite large (see photo) 
• His source components are Gustard X16 DAC, Bluesound Node, Emotiva XPA1 Gen2 monoblocks 
• Auditions are welcome by appointment (located in Eastern Ontario Canada) 
• We built an extra pair of 1798 bass cabinets in walnut for our inventory, please contact for if interested. 
• Currently uses AE Dipole 15 with custom phase plug 
• Runs open back (dipole) with bass extension to 20Hz 
• If customer would like, we can make a perforated rear cover instead of the solid rear cover 
• Can be changed to Bass Reflex using AE TD15 
• Would include solid rear cover (walnut veneered) 
• Currently the best sounding configuration for 1798 is as follows 
• AE Dipole 15 
• ES-450 or ES290 with B&C DCM50 16ohm up to 11kHz 
• Fostex T900A with 2258 horn lens 
• I have a complete passive crossover developed for above which is what I am using for our current system (October '23)
• The best amplification that we've tried so far is the Emotiva XPA-1 Gen 2 Monoblock which run 60W class A. 
• We will be building a new pair of ES-290's in walnut for this system
• Will feature the rubber ball mounting system newly developed for the ES450. 
• 
• This new rubber ball mounting system works extremely well at isolating the horn from the bass cabinet below 
• The ball system provides adjustable downward tilt by enlarging the single rear ball.
• We tested the ES450 rubber ball system with 3 degrees of downward title which aims the horn directly at the proper listening height. This provided a nice improvement in sound quality. 

Other News (December '23)

• Reflecting on company directions for 2024 I will be looking at more back loaded horn designs. I may change the 1798 bass cabinet design into a BLH for improved dynamics and sensitivity. The electronics testing I've been conducting on low power amplifiers and preamplifiers is showing me that for those products to truly excel I need to have appropriately high sensitivity speakers. This is obvious, however the issue is that most speakers do not perform to their stated specification. So my goal is to produce designs that actually provide true high sensitivity. This correlates strongly to my listening tests, where an amplifier goes from bad to good if it is operating in the sub-one-watt output range. 
• I've asked Don Sachs and Lynn Olsen if they could build me a world class push pull 45 based monoblock. The two of them went back and forth discussing how it could be built. They decided a newly designed PSU from Tom Christensen (Neurochrome) would be required. I will then build the amps here under license from Don and Lynn. Don will provide me the first prototype in Q1 '24. I'm expecting quite a bit of back and forth and perhaps multiples prototypes before the sound is optimized. I'm pivoting my focus in '24 towards BLH speakers and other high sensitivity designs to accommodate customers using low power tube amps, as they represent 90% of my customers. 
• This year I am focusing much more on just listening, as apposed to the measurement side. I have my small listening room along with Criag's room where I am spending hours conducting subjective evaluation of various drivers, horns, upstream equipment, and music. I am switching between fully active and fully passive quite a bit. Passive is still king as well as tube amplification. I have been listening to a lot of fullrange drivers and attempting to match the coherency they offer in my multiway designs. I'm using more first order crossovers to achieve the the same level of coherency that fullrange drivers offer.